Através de tabelas e exemplos, esse post mostrará as características de alguns dos tempos verbais perfeitos em inglês.
São eles: Present Perfect (e suas diferenças com o Simple Past), Present Perfect + time adverbs, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect e Modal Perfect. Confira abaixo:
PRESENT PERFECT (e suas diferenças com o Simple Past)
|
SIMPLE PAST
|
PRESENT PERFECT
|
HOW TO USE IT
|
Action that happened in the past; it’s important to say when it happened, at a specific moment.
|
Action that happened in the past; it’s not important to say when it happened, at a non-specific moment.
|
AFFIRMATIVE
|
I saw
the movie yesterday.
(pronome + verbo no passado)
|
I have
seen the movie.
(I,YOU,THEY, WE + have + verbo no
particípio)
(HE, SHE, IT + has + verbo no
particípio)
|
NEGATIVE
|
I didn’t
see the movie yesterday.
(pronome + didn’t + verbo no presente)
|
I haven’t
seen the movie.
(I,YOU,THEY, WE + haven’t + verbo no
particípio)
(HE, SHE, IT + hasn’t + verbo no
particípio)
|
INTERROGATIVE
|
Did
you see the movie yesterday?
(did + pronome + verbo no presente)
|
Have
you seen the movie?
(have + I,YOU,THEY, WE + verbo no particípio)
(has + HE, SHE, IT + verbo no
particípio)
|
Mais sobre o Present Perfect: Clique aqui
PRESENT PERFECT + TIME ADVERBS
JEANY SF
|
USE
|
TIP
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + JUST
|
Very
recent past
|
AFF/NEG/INT
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + EVER
|
Life experience
|
AFF/INT
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + ALREADY
|
Action
that has happened before expected
|
AFF/INT
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + NEVER
|
Life experience
|
AFF
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + YET
|
Action
that still hasn’t happened
|
NEG/INT
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + SINCE
|
When an
action has started
|
AFF/NEG
|
PRESENT
PERFECT + FOR
|
Duration
/ Period
|
AFF/NEG
|
Mais sobre Present Perfect + Time adverbs: Clique aqui
MODAL PERFECT
WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Hypothesis about the past
|
COULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Speculating
about possibilities in the past
|
SHOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Regrets
|
MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Speculating
about an action that probably has
happened.
|
MAY HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Speculating
about an action that maybe has
happened.
|
MIGHT HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Speculating
about an action that maybe has
happened.
|
CAN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
|
Speculating
about an action that probably hasn’t
happened.
|
Mais sobre Modal Perfect: Clique aqui
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
|
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
|
HOW TO USE IT
|
Action that has started in the past and it is still happening
|
AFFIRMATIVE
|
I have
been studying here since 2010.
(I,YOU,THEY, WE + have been + verbo no
ING)
(HE, SHE, IT + has been + verbo no
ING)
|
NEGATIVE
|
I haven’t
been studying here since 2010.
(I,YOU,THEY, WE + haven’t been + verbo
no ING)
(HE, SHE, IT + hasn’t been + verbo no ING)
|
INTERROGATIVE
|
Have
you been studying here since 2010?
(have + I,YOU,THEY, WE + been +
verbo no ING)
(has + HE, SHE, IT + been + verbo no
ING)
|
|
PAST PERFECT
|
HOW TO USE IT
|
Action that has happened before
another action also in the past
|
AFFIRMATIVE
|
I had
cleaned the house when she arrived
(pronome + had + verbo no particípio)
|
NEGATIVE
|
I hadn’t
cleaned the house when she arrived
(pronome + hadn’t + verbo no particípio)
|
INTERROGATIVE
|
Had
you cleaned the house when she
arrived?
(had + pronome + verbo no particípio)
|
