Férias, finalmente... Com as férias vem a praia, e com a praia... vocabulário relacionado à praia em inglês, por que não?
Esse post encerra as atividades do blog em 2013, portanto, feliz 2014!
IF CLAUSE
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USE
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EXAMPLES
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TYPE 1
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PROBABLE SITUATIONS
if + present + will + verb | If I go to Paris, I will see the Eiffel Tower.
I will see the Eiffel Tower if I go To Paris.
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TYPE 2
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UNLIKELY SITUATIONS
if + past + would + verb | If I had money, I would travel I would travel if I had money. |
TYPE 3
| UNREAL & IMAGINARY SITUATIONS if + had + past participle + would have + past participle |
if I had won the lottery, I would have bought a Ferrari.
I would have bought a Ferrari if I had won the lottery. |
BASE FORM
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SIMPLE PAST
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PAST PARTICIPLE
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GO
| WENT |
GONE
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SEE
| SAW | SEEN |
EAT | ATE | EATEN |
HOW CAN I USE THE PAST PARTICIPLE?
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USE
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EXAMPLES
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PERFECT
TENSES | PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT FUTURE PERFECT MODAL PERFECT ETC | She has studied a lot
She had been here before.
They will have won by the end of the year. I could have done something. |
PASSIVE VOICE
| OBJECT - VERB - AGENT | The bill was paid yesterday. The book will be sent tomorrow. The poem is being read right now. |
AS AN ADJECTIVE
| QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS |
His broken leg was in a terrible shape.
The forgotten letter was behind the door.
Neo is the chosen one.
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FUTURE
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USE
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EXAMPLES
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BE GOING TO
| PLANS & INTENTIONS BE + GOING TO + VERB | I am going to travel next weekend
i'm not going to travel next weekend.
Are you going to travel next weekend? |
WILL
| OFFERS & PROMISES PREDICTIONS & HOPES SPONTANEOUS DECISIONS WILL + VERB | The team will win the championship. The team won't win the championship.
Will the team win the championship?
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SIMPLE PRESENT
| TIMETABLES & SCHEDULES VERB (S) | The class starts at 8am. The class doesn't start at 8am. Does the class start at 8am? |
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
| FUTURE ARRANGEMENTS BE + VERB + ING | I'm getting married in December. I'm not getting married in December. Are you getting married in December? |
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
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PROGRESSIVE ACTION IN THE FUTURE
WILL + BE + VERB + ING | I'll be working next Sunday at 10. I won't be working next Sunday at 10. Will you be working next Sunday at 10? |
FUTURE PERFECT
| AN ACTION THAT WILL BE COMPLETED IN THE FUTURE WILL + HAVE + PARTICIPLE | I will have finished my homework by 8. I won't have finished my homework by 8.
Will you have finished your homework by 8?
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FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
| AN ACTION THAT WILL LAST FOR SOME TIME IN THE FUTURE WILL + HAVE + BEEN + VERB + ING | By next year, I will have been working here for 10 years.
By next year, I won't have been working here for 10 years.
Will you have been working here for 10 years by next year? |
MODAL
PERFECT |
USE
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EXAMPLES
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WOULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Hypothesis about the past active voice: would have + participle passive voice: would have been + participle | Voz ativa: Bob would have written a letter.
(Bob teria escrito uma carta).
Voz Passiva: A letter would have been written.
(Uma carta teria sido escrita).
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COULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Speculating about possibilities in the past active voice: could have + participle passive voice: could have been + participle |
Voz ativa: Bob could have written a letter.
(Bob poderia ter escrito uma carta)
Voz passiva: A letter could have been written.
(Uma carta poderia ter sido escrita)
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SHOULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Regrets active voice: should have + participle
passive voice: should have been + participle
| Voz ativa: Bob should have written a letter.
(Bob deveria ter escrito uma carta).
Voz passiva: A letter should have been written.
(Uma carta deveria ter sido escrita).
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MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Speculating about an action that probably has happened active voice: must have + participle passive voice: must have been + participle |
Voz ativa: Bob must have written a letter.
(Bob deve ter escrito uma carta).
Voz passiva: A letter must have been written.
(Uma carta deve ter sido escrita).
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MAY + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Speculating about an action that maybe has happened active voice: may have + participle passive voice: may have been + participle |
Voz ativa: Bob may have written a letter.
(Bob pode ter escrito uma carta).
Voz passiva: A letter may have been written.
(Uma carta pode ter sido escrita).
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MIGHT + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Speculating about an action that maybe has happened active voice: might have + participle passive voice: might have been + participle |
Voz ativa: Bob might have written a letter.
(Bob pode ter escrito uma carta.)
Voz passiva: A letter might have been written.
(Uma carta pode ter sido escrita).
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CAN'T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
| Speculating about an action that probably hasn't happened active voice: can't have + participle passive voice: can't have been + participle |
Voz ativa: Bob can't have written a letter
(Bob não pode ter escrito uma carta).
Voz passiva: A letter can't have been written.
(Uma carta não pode ter sido escrita)
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VERB + ING
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USE
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EXAMPLES
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AS A CONTINUOUS ACTION
| PROGRESSIVE TENSES | I am studying right now.
She was working this morning.
They have been talking for hours. |
AS INFINITIVE
| FOLLOWING SOME VERBS, LIKE: LOVE, HATE, LIKE, ENJOY, STOP, FORGET, REMEMBER, QUIT, ETC | I love reading biographies. My father enjoys watching soccer games.
She stopped helping the old lady.
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AS A FUTURE ACTION
| BE + GOING TO + VERB (plans & intentions) or BE + VERB + ING (future arrangements) | They are going to travel next weekend. They are traveling next weekend. |
CREATING NEW WORDS
| AS AN ADJECTIVE: AMAZING,INTERESTING, SMILING, BORING, DESGUSTING, ANNOYING, SURPRISING, ETC AS A NOUN: SWIMMING, MEETING, READING, BULLYING, SKATEBOARDING, ETC | Pulp Fiction is an amazing movie. She needs to go to the meeting this afternoon. He has an annoying little brother. |
IN THE BEGINNING OF A SENTENCE
| AS THE SUBJECT or SUBSTITUTING "BECAUSE" |
Swimming is an excellent sport.(subject)
Working late made him very tired. (subst. "because") |
AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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FOLLOWING SOME WORDS, LIKE:
BEFORE, AFTER, FOR, TO, OF, IN, ON, ABOUT, ETC | Do you eat before coming to school? She thought about going abroad.
I'm tired of saying the same things!
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TWO ACTIONS AT THE SAME TIME
| SIMULTANEOUS ACTIONS | He called me asking about you.
She entered the car, crying about what happened.
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