PAST PARTICIPLE

O que é o Past Participle? Pra que serve? Como usá-lo? Check it out!

O QUE É?

Todos os verbos em inglês (exceto alguns casos, como os modais) possuem três formas: O presente, o passado simples e o particípio (past participle): 

BASE FORM	SIMPLE PAST	PAST PARTICIPLE
GO	WENT	GONE
SEE	SAW	SEEN
EAT	ATE	EATEN

Saiba quais são os particípios de outros verbos clicando aqui.


COMO USAR?

Existem três maneiras principais de usar o past participle:

1) PERFECT TENSES

Sempre que usamos os tempos verbais perfeitos (present perfect, past perfect, present perfect continuous, future perfect, modal perfect, etc) o uso do past participle é obrigatório.

He has drunk some juice
She had seen the apartment before buying it.
She will have gone abroad by the end of the year.

Saiba mais sobre os perfect tenses clicando aqui e aqui.

2) PASSIVE VOICE

O past participle sempre aparecerá na voz passiva, independentemente do tempo verbal:

The book was written by the man in 1962.
The computer will be bought tomorrow.
The film is being watched by the students.

Saiba mais sobre passive voice clicando aqui.

3) AS AN ADJECTIVE

É muito comum utilizarmos o past participle como adjetivo, qualificando o substantivo.

Did you see the broken window?
He was talking to the drunk man.
The police has found a stolen car near the park.


Abaixo, uma tabela que resume os diferentes usos do past participle:

HOW CAN I USE THE PAST PARTICIPLE?	USE	EXAMPLES
PERFECT  TENSES	PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT FUTURE PERFECT MODAL PERFECT ETC	She has studied a lot She had been here before.  They will have won by the end of the year.  I could have done something.
PASSIVE VOICE	OBJECT - VERB - AGENT	The bill was paid yesterday. The book will be sent tomorrow. The poem is being read right now.
AS AN ADJECTIVE	QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS	His broken leg was in a terrible shape. The forgotten letter was behind the door. Neo is the chosen one.